ʻO kekahi o nā metala koʻikoʻi ma ka honua he keleawe. Inā ʻaʻole ia, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā mea a mākou e manaʻo nei e like me ka hoʻā ʻana i nā kukui a i ʻole ke nānā ʻana i ke TV. ʻO ke keleawe nā aʻa e hana ai nā kamepiula. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hele ma nā kaʻa me ke keleawe ʻole. E pau ke kelepona i ka make. A ʻaʻole e holo pono nā pākahi lithium-ion me ka ʻole o ia.
Hoʻohana nā pākahi Lithium-ion i nā metala e like me ke keleawe a me ke alumini e hana ai i ka hoʻoili uila. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pākaukau lithium-ion kahi anode graphite, metal oxide cathode, a hoʻohana i nā electrolytes i pale ʻia e kahi mea hoʻokaʻawale. ʻO ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka pākaukau e kahe ai nā ion lithium ma o nā electrolytes a hōʻiliʻili ma ka anode graphite me nā electrons i hoʻouna ʻia ma o ka pilina. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka pākaukau e hoʻihoʻi i nā ion i kahi i hele mai ai a hoʻoikaika i nā electrons e hele i ke kaapuni e hana ana i ka uila. E hoʻopau ʻia ka pākaukau i ka manawa e hoʻi ai nā ion lithium a me nā electrons i ka cathode.
No laila, he aha ka hapa e pāʻani ai ke keleawe me nā pā lithium-ion? Hoʻohui ʻia ka graphite me ke keleawe i ka wā e hana ai i ka anode. Kūpaʻa ke keleawe i ka oxidization, he hana kemika kahi e nalowale ai nā electrons o kekahi mea i kekahi mea. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka corrosion. Hana ʻia ka oxidization i ka wā e launa pū ai ke kemika a me ka oxygen me kahi mea, e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hao me ka wai a me ka oxygen e hana i ka pala. Paʻa loa ke keleawe i ka ʻino.
Pepa keleawehoʻohana nui ʻia i nā pā lithium-ion no ka mea ʻaʻohe palena me kona nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka lōʻihi āu e makemake ai a me ka lahilahi e like me kou makemake. ʻO ke keleawe ma kona ʻano he mea hōʻiliʻili ikaika o kēia manawa, akā hiki nō hoʻi ia i ka hoʻopuehu nui a kūlike o ke au.
ʻElua ʻano o ka copper foil: rolled a electrolytic. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻoe i ka pahu keleawe ʻōwili kumu no kēlā me kēia hana a me nā hoʻolālā. Hana ʻia ia ma ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka wela me ke kaomi ʻana i lalo me nā pine ʻōwili. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka foil keleawe electrolytic ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻenehana he mea ʻoi aku ka pili. Hoʻomaka ia ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke keleawe kūlana kiʻekiʻe i ka waikawa. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi electrolyte keleawe e hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ke keleawe ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo electrolytic plating. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻohana ʻia ka uila no ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka electrolyte keleawe i ka pahu keleawe i loko o nā pahu hoʻololi uila.
ʻAʻole me ka hemahema o ke keleawe keleawe. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke keleawe. Inā pēlā, hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka ikehu. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka foil keleawe e nā kumu waho e like me nā hōʻailona electromagnetic, ka ikehu microwave, a me ka wela loa. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻolohi a hoʻopau paha i ka hana pono o ka copper foil. Hiki i ka alkalis a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopōʻino i ka pono o ka copper foil. ʻO kēia ke kumu o nā ʻoihana e like meCIVENHana nā metala i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā huahana copper foil.
Ua pale lākou i ke keleawe keleawe e hakakā ana me ka wela a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Hana lākou i ke keleawe keleawe no nā huahana kikoʻī e like me nā papa kaapuni paʻi (PCB) a me nā papa kaapuni maʻalahi (FCBs). Hana maoli lākou i ke keleawe keleawe no nā pākahi lithium-ion.
Ke lilo nei nā pākahi Lithium-ion i mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku hoʻi me nā kaʻa i ka wā e hoʻohana ai lākou i nā kaʻa induction e like me nā mea a Tesla e hana ai. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana hoʻoneʻe a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā motika induction no nā koi mana i loaʻa ʻole i kēlā manawa. Ua hiki iā Tesla ke hana i kēia me kā lākou lithium-ion cell cell. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēlā me kēia cell i nā pākahi lithium-ion ponoʻī, aia nā mea āpau i ke keleawe keleawe.
Ua piʻi nui ke koi no ka copper foil. ʻO ka mākeke keleawe keleawe i hana ʻia ma luna o 7 biliona kālā ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 2019 a ua manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻia ma luna o 8 biliona kālā ʻAmelika ma 2026. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻoihana kaʻa e hoʻohiki nei e hoʻololi mai nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe kūloko i nā pā lithium-ion. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo nā kaʻa wale nō ka ʻoihana i hoʻopilikia ʻia no ka mea hoʻohana pū kekahi i nā kamepiula a me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe. E hōʻoia wale kēia i ke kumukūʻai nopepa keleawee piʻi mau ana i nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana.
Ua hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia nā pākahi Lithium-ion i ka makahiki 1976, a e hana nui ʻia lākou ma ke kālepa i ka makahiki 1991. I nā makahiki ma hope mai, e kaulana loa nā pā lithium-ion a e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e loaʻa iā lākou nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe i loko o ka honua hilinaʻi ikehu no ka mea hiki ke hoʻouka hou ʻia a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO nā pākahi Lithium-ion ka mea e hiki mai ana o ka ikehu, akā he mea ʻole lākou me ka ʻole o ke keleawe keleawe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-25-2022