ʻĀpana Keleawe

Wehewehe Pōkole:

E leka uila mai iā mākou E noi no ka laʻana

Nā kikoʻī huahana

Nā Lepili Huahana

Hoʻolauna Huahana

Hana ʻia ke kaula keleawe mai ke keleawe electrolytic, ma o ka hana ʻana e ka ingot, ka ʻōwili wela, ka ʻōwili anu, ka mālama wela, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻili, ka ʻoki ʻana, ka hoʻopau ʻana, a laila ka hoʻopili ʻana. Loaʻa i ka mea ka hoʻokele wela a me ka uila maikaʻi loa, ka ductility palupalu a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pala. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana uila, kaʻa, nā kamaʻilio, nā lako, nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻomohala kā mākou hui i kahi laina huahana no ka hoʻohana kūikawā, e like me nā kaula hoʻololi maloʻo, nā kaula uwea coaxial RF, nā kaula pale i ka uea a me ke kaula, nā mea hoʻokumu alakaʻi, nā kaula punching no nā mea uila, nā lipine photovoltaic solar, nā kaula hoʻōki wai i ke kūkulu ʻana, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā puka keleawe, nā mea hui pū ʻia, nā kaula pahu kaʻa, nā kaula radiator, a pēlā aku.

Nā Kūlana ʻenehana Nui

Ka Hoʻohui Kemika

Helu Alloy.	Ka Hoʻohui Kemika (%,Max.)
Helu Alloy.	Cu+Ag	P	Bi	Sb	As	Fe	Ni	Pb	Sn	S	Zn	O	haumia
T1	99.95	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.005	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.005	0.005	0.02	0.05
T2	99.90	---	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.005	0.005	0.005	0.002	0.005	0.005	0.06	0.1
TU1	99.97	0.002	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.004	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.004	0.003	0.002	0.03
TU2	99.95	0.002	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.004	0.002	0.004	0.002	0.004	0.003	0.003	0.05
TP1	99.90	---	0.002	0.002	---	0.01	0.004	0.005	0.002	0.005	0.005	0.01	0.1
TP2	99.85	---	0.002	0.002	---	0.05	0.01	0.005	0.01	0.005	---	0.01	0.15

Papa ʻaina Alloy

Inoa	Kina	ISO	ASTM	JIS
Keleawe Maʻemaʻe	T1,T2	Cu-FRHC	C11000	C1100
keleawe ʻole oxygen	TU1	-------	C10100	C1011
keleawe ʻole oxygen	TU2	Cu-OF	C10200	C1020
keleawe deoxidized	TP1	Cu-DLP	C12000	C1201
keleawe deoxidized	TP2	Cu-DHP	C12200	C1220

Nā Hiʻohiʻona

1-3-1 Kikoʻī mm

Inoa	Alloy (Kina)	ʻAno huhū	Ka nui (mm)
Inoa	Alloy (Kina)	ʻAno huhū	Mānoanoa	Ka laulā
ʻĀpana Keleawe	T1 T2 TU1 TU2 TP1 TP2	H 1/2H 1/4H O	0.05~0.2	≤600
			0.2~0.49	≤800
			0.5~3.0	≤1000
Pale Pale	T2	O	0.05~0.25	≤600
Pale Pale	T2	O	0.26~0.8	≤800
Kaula Uea	T2	O	0.25~0.5	4~600
Kaʻina Hoʻololi	TU1 T2	O	0.1~<0.5	≤800
Kaʻina Hoʻololi	TU1 T2	O	0.5~2.5	≤1000
ʻĀpana Radiator	TP2	ʻO 1/4H	0.3~0.6	15~400
Lipine PV	TU1 T2	O	0.1~0.25	10~600
Kaʻa Pahu Kaʻa	T2	H	0.05~0.06	10~600
Kaʻina Hoʻonaninani	T2	HO	0.5~2.0	≤1000
Kaʻa Hoʻōki Wai	T2	O	0.5~2.0	≤1000
Nā Mea Hana Kinohi Alakaʻi	LE192 LE194	H 1/2H 1/4H EH	0.2~1.5	20~800

Kaha Wela: O. Palupalu;1/4H. 1/4 Paʻakikī;1/2H. 1/2 Paʻakikī;H. Paʻakikī;EH. Paʻakikī Loa.

1-3-2 Ke Ana Hoʻomanawanui: mm

Mānoanoa	Ka laulā
	Mānoanoa e ʻae i ka deviation ±			Ka laulā ʻae ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ±
	<600	<800	<1000	<600	<800	<1000
0.1~0.3	0.008	0.015	-----	0.3	0.4	-----
0.3~0.5	0.015	0.020	-----	0.3	0.5	-----
0.5~0.8	0.020	0.030	0.060	0.3	0.5	0.8
0.8~1.2	0.030	0.040	0.080	0.4	0.6	0.8
1.2~2.0	0.040	0.045	0.100	0.4	0.6	0.8

Hana Mīkini 1-3-3:

ʻO ke kinikini		ʻAno huhū		Ikaika Tensile N/mm2	Hoʻolōʻihi ≥%	Paʻakikī HV
T1	T2	M	(ʻO)	205-255	30	50-65
TU1	TU2	Y4	(1/4H)	225-275	25	55-85
TP1	TP2	Y2	(1/2H)	245-315	10	75-120
		Y	(H)	≥275	3	≥90